#include <iostream>
#include <new>
#include <cstdlib>

void* operator new(std::size_t size, char c) throw(std::bad_alloc)
{
  std::cout << "overloaded operator new " << c << std::endl;

  void* p = malloc(size);
  if (!p)
  {
    throw std::bad_alloc();
  }

  return p;
}

void operator delete(void* p, char c) throw()
{
  std::cout << "overloaded operator delete " << c << std::endl;

  free(p);
}

void operator delete (void *p) throw()
{
  std::cout << "standard operator delete " << std::endl;

  free(p);
}

struct Foo
{
  Foo()
  {
    std::cout << "Foo::Foo" << std::endl;

    // hack it to sometimes throw
    static int counter = 1;
    if (counter++ == 2)
    {
      throw 1;
    }
  }
  ~Foo()
  {
    std::cout << "Foo::~Foo" << std::endl;
  }
};

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
  Foo* fp;

  for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i)
  {
    std::cout << "===================================================" << std::endl;

    char c = 'a' + i;

    try
    {
      // call our version of new that takes a char
      fp = new(c) Foo;
    }
    catch(int i)
    {
      std::cout << "catch exception from constructor" << std::endl;
      continue;
    }

    // call normal delete expression and operator delete
    delete fp;

    std::cout << "===================================================" << std::endl;
  }

  return 0;
}