#include <iostream>

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
  // 32 bit machine assumed 
  
  unsigned int x = UINT_MAX;
  std::cout << "x = UINT_MAX" << std::endl;

  // binary:  1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111
  // hex:     f    f    f    f    f    f    f    f
  std::cout << "x     : " << std::hex << x << std::endl; 

  x = x >> 2;
  // binary:  0011 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111
  // hex:     3    f    f    f    f    f    f    f
  std::cout << "x >> 2: " << std::hex << x << std::endl; 

  x = x << 1;
  // binary:  0111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1110
  // hex:     7    f    f    f    f    f    f    e
  std::cout << "x << 1: " << std::hex << x << std::endl; 

  x = x << 2;
  // binary:  1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1111 1000
  // hex:     f    f    f    f    f    f    f    8
  std::cout << "x << 2: " << std::hex << x << std::endl; 

  // Notes:
  //  "The behavior is undefined if the right operand is negative
  //   or greater than or equal to the length in bits of the promoted
  //   left operand"
  //
  //  There are additional issues to be considered if your left operand
  //  is signed, be sure you understand all the caveats of the standard
  //  and your platform when bit shifting signed values.

  return 0;
}